The effect of primary endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) for pediatric hydrocephalus on subsequent shunting remains unclear, particularly as to whether there is a protective or negative effect on subsequet shunting. The International Infant Hydrocephalus Study prospectively evaluated primary ETV in infants...

This report addresses 5 key topics for cerebral cavernous malformations: epidemiology and natural history, genetic testing and counseling, diagnostic criteria and radiology standards, neurosurgical considerations, and neurologic considerations.  Search terms were derived for each key topic by the Angioma Alliance...